Modals & Modal Perfects

Teaching points

• • must = strong obligation/deduction
• • may/might/could = possibility
• • should = advice
• • Past:
• • must have + V3 = strong deduction
• • may/might have + V3 = past possibility
• • should have + V3 = criticism/regret
• • could have + V3 = unrealised past possibility

must للالتزام أو الاستنتاج القوي. may/might/could للاحتمال. should للنصيحة. مع الماضي نستخدم modal + have + V3.

Practice

Answer the 3 questions, then check — أجب عن الأسئلة الثلاثة ثم تحقق

1. 1. The lights are off and his car is gone. He _____ already. A. must leave B. must have left C. should leave D. might leaving
2. 2. You _____ me earlier; I could have helped. A. should have called B. must call C. may call D. should be calling yesterday
3. 3. The error _____ caused by a temporary network problem, but we are not certain. A. must have been B. might have been C. should be D. can being